Lisa del Giocondo ( Italian pronunciation: Ã, ['li: za del d? o'kondo] ; nÃÆ' Â © e Gherardini [? erar'di: ni] ; 15 June 1479 - 15 July 1542), also known as Lisa Gherardini , Lisa at Antonio Maria (or Antonmaria ) Gherardini and Mona Lisa , is an Italian noblewoman, a member of the Gherardini family from Florence and Tuscany in Italy. Her name is given to Mona Lisa, her photo commissioned by her husband and painted by Leonardo da Vinci during the Italian Renaissance.
Little is known about Lisa's life. Born in Florence and married in his teens with a cloth and silk merchant who later became a local official, he was a mother to five children and led what was considered a comfortable middle-class life. Lisa lives longer than her husband, who is much older than her.
Centuries after Lisa's death, Mona Lisa became the most famous painting in the world and took life apart from Lisa, the woman. Speculation by scholars and fans makes artwork a globally recognized icon and an object of commercialization. In 2005, Lisa was identified definitively as a model for Mona Lisa.
Video Lisa del Giocondo
Early life and family
Lisa's family at Florentine is old and aristocratic but has gradually lost its influence. They are rich but not rich, and live off agricultural income in the largest city in Europe. Although economically successful, there is a huge difference in wealth among the population.
Antonmaria di Noldo Gherardini, Lisa's father, had lost two wives, Lisa at Giovanni Filippo de 'Carducci, whom he married in 1465, and Caterina at Mariotto Rucellai, whom he married in 1473. Both died in childbirth. Lisa's mother is Lucrezia del Caccia, daughter of Piera Spinelli, and Gherardini's wife with her third marriage in 1476. Gherardini at one time owns or rents six farms in Chianti that produce wheat, wine and olive oil and where cattle are raised.
Lisa was born in Florence on 15 June 1479, on Via Maggio, though for many years, she thought she was born in one of the family countryside properties, Villa Vignamaggio outside Greve. He was named Lisa, the father's grandfather's wife. The eldest of seven children, Lisa has three sisters, one named Ginevra, and three brothers, Giovangualberto, Francesco, and Noldo.
The family lived in Florence, originally near Santa Trinita and then in a rented room near Santo Spirito, most likely because they could not afford repairs to their previous homes when the house was damaged. Lisa's family moved to what is now called Via dei Pepi, and then near Santa Croce, where they lived near Ser Piero da Vinci, Leonardo's father. They also have a small village house in St. Donato in the village of Poggio about 32 kilometers (20 miles) south of the city. Noldo, Gherardini's father and grandfather Lisa, has left the farm in Chianti to the hospital of Santa Maria Nuova. Gherardini got a rent for another hospital farm and, so he could oversee the wheat harvest, the family spent the summer there at a house called Ca 'di Pesa.
Maps Lisa del Giocondo
Marriage and subsequent life
On March 5, 1495, Lisa married Francesco di Bartolomeo in Zanobi del Giocondo, a pretty successful fabric and silk merchant, becoming his third wife at the age of 15. Maharina Lisa is 170 florin and farm of San Silvestro near her family home country, a sign that the Gherardini Family is not rich at the time and the reason to think she and her husband love each other. The property is located between Castellina and San Donato in Poggio, near two farms then owned by Michelangelo. Both poor and among the wealthiest in Florence, the couple lived a middle-class life. Lisa's wedding may improve her social status because her husband's family may be richer than her own. Francesco is considered to benefit because Gherardini is the "old name". They stayed in shared accommodation until March 5, 1503, when Francesco was able to buy a house next to his family's old house on Via della Stufa. Leonardo is thought to have started painting Lisa's portrait in the same year.
Lisa and Francesco had five children: Piero, Camilla, Andrea, Giocondo and Marietta, four between 1496 and 1507. Lisa lost a baby girl in 1499. Lisa also raised Bartolomeo, the son of Francesco and his second wife, Camilla in Mariotto Rucellai, who was about a year old when his mother died. Lisa's stepmother, Caterina di Mariotto Rucellai, and Francesco's first wife were sisters, prominent member of the Rucellai family.
Camilla and Marietta became Catholic nuns. Camilla took the name of Suor Beatrice and entered the monastery of San Domenico di Cafaggio, where she was entrusted to care for Antonmaria's sister Suor Albiera and Lisa's sister, Suor Camilla (released on embarrassing visits by four men in the convent) and Suor Alessandra. Beatrice died at the age of 18 and was buried in the Basilica di Santa Maria Novella. Lisa developed a relationship with Sant'Orsola, a respected monastery in Florence, where she could place Marietta in 1521. Marietta took the name of Suor Ludovica and became a respected member of the monastery in a position of responsibility.
Francesco became an official in Florence. He was elected to Dodici Buonomini in 1499 and to Signoria in 1512, where he was confirmed as Priori in 1524. He may have links with the family of political Medici or business interests. In 1512 when the Florence government feared the return of the Medici from exile, Francesco was jailed and fined 1,000 florins. He was released in September when the Medici returned.
In one account, Francesco died in an outbreak of 1538. Lisa fell ill and was taken by her daughter Ludovica to the monastery of Sant'Orsola, where she died about four years later at the age of 63 years.
In June 1537 in his will among many provisions, Francesco returned her dowry to Lisa, gave her personal clothing and jewelry and provided for her future. After entrusting his attention to his daughter Ludovica and, if he is incapable, his son Bartolomeo, Francesco writes, "Considering the love and love of the heirs to the Mona Lisa, his beloved wife, taking into account the fact that Lisa always acted with a noble spirit and as a faithful wife ; hoping that he will have everything he needs... ".
Death Lisa del Giocondo
Lisa del Giocondo spent her last years in the monastery of Saint Orsola Florence where she died on July 15, 1542, at the age of 63 years. In a scientific report about their life, Francesco was nearly 80 years old when he died in 1539. Lisa may have lived up to at least 1551, when she will be 71 or 72 years old.
Mona Lisa
Like other Florentines from their financial means, Francesco's family members are art lovers and customers. Her son Bartolomeo asked Antonio at Donnino Mazzieri to paint fresco at the family funeral site at Basilica della Santissima Annunziata in Firenze. Andrea del Sarto painted Madonna for the rest of her family. Francesco gave Leonardo a commission to portrait his wife and to Domenico Puligo for the painting of St. Francis of Assisi. He is alleged to have assigned Lisa to celebrate Andrea's birth and the purchase of a family home.
Mona Lisa complied with the 15th and early 16th century requirements to describe a woman with virtue. Lisa is described as a faithful wife through gestures - her right hand is on her left. Leonardo also presented Lisa as a fashionable and successful person, perhaps richer than her. His black outfit and black veil are a Spanish-influenced high fashion; they are not the depictions of mourning for their first daughters, as some scholars have suggested. The portrait is huge; the same size as the commissions earned by the richer art customers of the time. This luxury has been described as a sign of the social aspirations of Francesco and Lisa.
During the spring of 1503, Leonardo had no source of income, which may partly explain his interest in personal portraits. But later in the year, he most likely had to postpone his work at Mona Lisa when he received a payment to start Anghiari Battle, which is a more valuable commission and one he contracted to finish in February 1505. In 1506 Leonardo considered the portrait unfinished. He is not paid for the job and does not send it to his client. The paintings of the artist traveled with him throughout his life, and he may have completed the Mona Lisa years later in France, in one estimate in 1516.
The title of this painting dates from 1550. An acquaintance of at least some of Francesco's family, Giorgio Vasari wrote, "Leonardo painted, for Francesco del Giocondo, portrait of Mona Lisa, his wife" (prese: Prese Prese Lionardo fare per Francesco del Giocondo il ritratto di mona Lisa sua moglie. ). The Italian name of the portrait La Gioconda is a feminine form of her marriage name. In France it is known as the variant of La Joconde . Although derived from the Lisa family name, they have an additional meaning that the name comes from the word "happy" (in English, "jocund") or "the happy one".
Speculation assigns Lisa a name for at least four different paintings and her identity to at least ten different people. By the end of the 20th century, the painting was a global icon that has been used in over 300 other paintings and 2,000 ads, appearing on average one new ad each week.
In 2005, an expert at the University Library of Heidelberg found marginal notes in an established library collection with the assurance of a traditional view that the caregiver was Lisa. A note written by Agostino Vespucci in 1503, states that Leonardo was working on a portrait of Lisa del Giocondo. The Mona Lisa has been in French custody since the 16th century, when it was acquired by King Francis I; after the French Revolution, however, it belongs to the people. Today about six million people visit the painting every year at the Louvre in Paris, where it is part of the French national collection.
Note
Bibliography
- MÃÆ'¼ntz, EugÃÆ'¨ne (1898). Leonardo Da Vinci, Artist, Thinker and Man of Science . 2 . New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp.Ã, 153-172 . Retrieved 2007-10-14 . Pallanti, Giuseppe (2006). Mona Lisa Revealed: The True Identity of Leonardo's Model . Florence, Italy: Skira. ISBN 88-7624-659-2.
- Sassoon, Donald (2001). "Mona Lisa: The Most Known Girl in the World". Journal of History Training . Oxford University Press. 2001 (51): Abstract. doi: 10.1093/hwj/2001.51.1. ISSNÃ, 1477-4569.
- ZÃÆ'¶llner, Frank (1993). "Portrait of Leonardo from Mona Lisa del Giocondo". Sheet des Beaux-Arts . 121 (S.): print 115-138. doi: 10.11588/artdok.00004207. ISSNÃ, 0016-5530.
Further reading
- "Portrait of Lisa Gherardini, wife of Francesco del Giocondo". MusÃÆ' Â © e du Louvre . Retrieved 2007-10-04 .
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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