Bharat Mata is a work by Indian painter Abanindranath Tagore in 1905. This work illustrates Bharat Mata, or Indian Mother, in the Hindu Goddess style. The painting was the first portrayal of the concept, and was painted during Swadesh's ambitions during the greater Independence movement.
Video Bharat Mata (Abanindranath)
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Abanindranath Tagore was born on August 7, 1871 in Gunendranath Tagore. A nephew of Indian poet and artist Rabindranath Tagore, Abanindranath was exposed at an early age to the Tagore family's artistic tendencies.
Tagore had studied art when he first studied at Sanskrit College in Kolkata in the 1880s. In the early years Tagore painted the European naturalistic style, evident from his earliest paintings such as The Armory . In about 1886 or 1887, Tagore's brother, Gyanadanandini Devi, had a meeting between Tagore and E.B Havell, who was the curator of the School of Government Art in Calcutta. The meeting resulted in a series of exchanges between Havell and Tagore, with Havell getting original art collaborators with ideas in the same direction, and Tagore getting a teacher who will teach him about the 'science' of Indian art history.
Havell attempted to induct Tagore as Deputy Headmaster at the art school, who was faced with heavy opposition at school. Havell had to bend a lot of school rules to do this, and tolerate many Tagore habits including smoking hookahs in the classroom and refusing to follow the timetable. Havell introduced innovations for his teaching program in an effort to more accurately reproduce Indian artistic pedagogy, and replace copies of European art with the original Indian. The English art curator was also reportedly spent hours behind closed doors explaining the details of "Hindu art and greed" to Tagore. One of these paintings, from the herons by Mughal-era artists, has been shown to Tagore by Havell, which led the former to comment that he did not realize until then of the "shame of wealth" that "our art" has been contained.
Maps Bharat Mata (Abanindranath)
Subject
Bharat Mata depicts a woman dressed in saffron, holding a book, a rice belt, a piece of white cloth and a flower necklace in her four hands. This painting has a historical significance because it is one of the earliest visualizations of Bharat Mata, or "Mother India."
Themes and Composition
The work was painted during the swadeshi movement time. This movement began in response to the Partition of Bengal (1905), when Lord Curzon divides the largely Muslim east of Bengal from the predominantly Hindu western region. Indian nationalists view this as a way for Britain to increase the power of "Muslim peasants in eastern Bengal" at the expense of Bengali Hindus. In response, Indian nationalists who participated in the swadeshi movement against Britain by boycotting British public goods and institutions, inaugurated meetings and processions, established committees, and applied diplomatic pressure.
The main character of the painting holds many items related to Indian culture and Indian economy in the early 20th century, such as books, rice belts, a piece of white cloth and wreaths. In addition, the central figure of the painting has four hands, evocative of the Hindu image, which equates some hands with great strength.
The painting is characterized as "the humanization effort of 'Bharat Mata' where mothers seek liberation through their children," by Jayanta Sengupta, curator of the Indian Museum in Kolkata, India.
When done
Since 1905, many iterations of Bharat Mata have been made in paintings and other art forms. However, the significance of Tagore's original paintings is still recognized. In 2016, Bharat Mata is on display at Victoria Memorial Hall in Kolkata, India.
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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