The wall is a structure that defines an area, carries a load, or provides shelter or security. There are many types of walls:
- Defense wall in the castle
- The walls in the building that form the fundamental part of the superstructure or the interior parts are separate, sometimes for fire safety
- Retaining wall, which holds dirt, rock, water, or noise
- Protecting walls from the ocean (sea wall) or river (embankment)
- A sturdy and permanent fence
- Boundary boundary between countries
- Brick wall
- Precast Wall
- Stone walls
- Glass walls (only when most walls, in smaller numbers are called windows)
- The door is the wall of the phone on the hinge that opens to form the gate
Video Wall
Etymology
Walls are derived from the Latin vallum meaning "... stone walls or walls mounted with palisade, rows or stakes, walls, fortresses, fortresses..." the Latin word murus means a stone wall of defense. English uses the same word to define the external wall and the internal side of a room, but this is not universal. Many languages ​​distinguish between them. In Germany, some of these differences can be seen between Wand and Mauer , in Spanish between peeled and muro .
Maps Wall
Defense wall
The word wall was originally called the wall of defense and fortress.
Build wall
The purpose of the inner wall of the building is to support the roof, floor and ceiling; to attach space as part of the building envelope along with the roof to provide the shape of the building; and provide shelter and security. In addition, the wall may house different types of utilities such as power lines or pipes. Wall constructions fall into two basic categories: framed walls or mass walls . On framed walls, the load is transferred to the foundation through poles, columns or buttons. Framed walls most often have three or more separate components: structural elements (such as 2ÃÆ' â € "4 buttons on the wall of the house), insulation, and elements or surface finish (such as drywall or panel). Mass-wall is solid material including stone, concrete including stonemason slipform, log building, wood construction, adobe, crashing earth, cob, earthbag construction, bottle, can, construction of straw, and ice.
There are three basic wall methods that control water intrusion: moisture storage, a dried layer, or a sealed layer. Humidity storage is an ordinary building of stone and brick on the wall where moisture is absorbed and released by the wall of the structure itself. The drained layer is also known as filtered wall acknowledging the moisture will penetrate the cladding so that moisture barriers such as housewrap or felt paper in the cladding provide both defensive lines and, sometimes drainage channels or air gaps allow the path for moisture to flow down and out of the wall. Sometimes ventilation is provided alongside drainage such as rainscreen construction. Face-sealed is also called the barrier wall or the perfect barrier which relies on maintaining a leak-free surface of the cladding. Examples of sealed facial disguises are the initial exterior insulation finishing system, structural glazing, dressed metal panels, and corrugated metal.
Building walls often become works of art, externally and internally, such as when displaying mosaic works or when a mural is painted on them; or as a design focus when they show texture or finish painted for effect.
Curtain wall
In civil architecture and engineering, the curtain wall refers to a non-loaded building facade but preserves decoration, completion, front, face, or history.
Precast Wall
Precast walls are pre-assembled walls in the factory, and then sent to the required place, ready for installation. Faster installed compared to bricks and other walls, and may have lower costs compared to other types of walls.
Mullion Wall
The Mullion Wall is a structural system that carries a load of floor plates in a prefabricated panel around the perimeter.
Murno Gladst Wall
High and deep-root exterior security walls that block intrusions by climbing and tunneling. Also known as the Murno Gladst Fence
Partition wall
Partition wall is a thin wall that is usually used to separate or divide the room, especially those that already existed. Partition walls usually do not load loads, and can be constructed from many materials, including steel panels, bricks, fabrics, plastics, plasterboard, wood, clay beams, terracotta, concrete, and glass.
Some partition walls are made of sheet glass. The glass partition wall is a series of individual hardened glass panels mounted on wood or metal frames. They can be suspended from or slid along the strong aluminum ceiling path. This system does not require the use of floor guidance, which allows easy operation and undisturbed thresholds.
A wood partition consists of a wooden frame, which is supported on the floor or on the side wall. Iron grates and plaster, laid correctly, form a reinforced partition wall. Partition walls are built from popular fiber cement support boards as a base for tiles in the kitchen or in wet areas such as bathrooms. Galvanized sheets mounted on wooden or steel members are mostly adopted in the work of temporary characters. Simple or reinforced partition walls can also be constructed from concrete, including pre-cast concrete blocks. Framed metal partitions are also available. This partition consists of trajectories (used primarily in bases and heads of partitions) and buttons (vertical sections mounted on trajectories that are typically spaced 24 ", 16", or at 12 ").
The internal walls of the partition, also known as office partitions, are usually made of plasterboard (drywall) or glass varieties. Hardened glass is a common choice, as low iron glass (better known as opti-white glass) increases the transmission of light and solar heat.
The wall partition is built using beads and tracking that are suspended on the ceiling or mounted to the ground. Panel inserted into tracking and repaired. Several wall partition variations determine their fire resistance and acoustic performance assessment.
The moving partition
A moving partition is an open wall to combine two or more rooms into one large floor area. These include:
- Slide - a series of panels that are shifted in the lane mounted on the floor and ceiling, similar sliding doors
- Sliding and folding doors - similar to sliding folding doors, this is great for smaller ranges
- Fold-partition walls - a series of interlocking panels hung from overhead tracks that, when extended, provide acoustic separation, and when retracted stack against pocket walls, ceilings, cabinets, or ceilings.
- Screens - usually made of metal or wooden frames with plywood and chipboard and supported with legs for free standing and easy movement
- Strips and curtains - erect or telescopic upright and horizontally provide a ground-backed curtain system with removable panels.
Party wall
Party walls are walls separating buildings or units within the building. They provide fire resistance and sound resistance between occupants in a building. The minimum fire resistance and sound resistance required for a party wall is determined by the building code and can be modified to fit a variety of situations. Ownership of such walls can be a legal issue. This is not a load-bearing wall and may be owned by different people.
Filler wall
The filler wall is a supported wall that closes the perimeter of the building built with a three-dimensional frame structure.
Fire wall
Fireballs resist the spread of fire inside or sometimes between structures to provide passive fire protection. The delay of spreading the fire gives the occupants more time to escape and extinguish the fire more time to extinguish the fire. Such walls do not have windows, and are made of non-flammable materials such as concrete, cement, brick, or drywall that is lined with fire - and have wall penetrations sealed with special materials. The door at the firewall should have a fire gate identifier. The fire walls provide various resistance to the spread of fire, some intended to last one to four hours. Firewalls, in general, can also act as smoke barriers when constructed vertically from slabs to roof decks and horizontally from exterior walls to exterior walls that divide buildings into sections. When built in this way the wall of fire can also be referred to as Area Separation Wall.
The sliding wall
The shear wall withstand lateral forces such as earthquakes or strong winds. There are different types of shear walls such as steel shear plate walls.
Knee Wall
The knee wall is a short wall that supports the rafters or adds height in the upstairs room of the house. In 1 1 / 2 -story house, knee wall supports half story .
Wall cavity
The cavity wall is a wall made with the distance between two "skins" to inhibit heat transfer.
Pony Wall
Pony wall (or dwarf wall) is a generic term for short walls, such as:
- Half a wall that only extends from floor to ceiling, without supporting anything
- Stem walls - concrete walls extending from slab foundations to defective walls or floor blocks
- The walls are limp - framed walls from bar walls or slabs of foundation to floor blocks
Solar energy
A trombe wall in a passive solar building design acts as a heat sink.
Shipbuilding
On the ship, the wall separating the main compartment is called bulkhead . The thinner wall between the cabins is called partition .
Boundary wall
Barrier walls include privacy walls, boundary walls on the property, and city walls. This interchange becomes a fence. The conventional differentiation is that the fence has a minimal thickness and is often open in nature, whereas the wall is usually more than the nominal thickness and completely closed, or opaque. More precisely, the exterior structure of a wood or wire is commonly called a fence - but one of the masonry is a wall. The general term for both is a barrier, which is suitable for structures that are partially wall and part of the fence - for example the Berlin Wall. Another wall-fence ambiguity is ha-ha - which is placed below the soil surface to protect the view, but acts as a barrier (for livestock, for example).
Before the invention of artillery, many cities and cities of the world, especially in Europe and Asia, had defensive or protective walls (also called city walls or city walls). In fact, the English word "wall" comes from the Latin vallum - a kind of fortress wall. These walls were no longer relevant for defense, so such cities had grown outside their walls, and many of the walls of the fortress, or some of those walls, had been torn down - for example in Rome, Italy, and Beijing, China. Examples of protective walls on a much larger scale include the Great Wall of China and Hadrian's Wall.
Border wall
Some walls officially mark the border between one population and another. A border wall is built to limit the movement of people across certain boundaries or lines. This structure varies in placements with regard to international boundaries and topography. The most famous example of a border barrier in history is probably the Great Wall of China, a series of walls that separate the Chinese Empire from the nomadic forces to the north. The most notable recent example is the Berlin Wall, which surrounds the West Berlin enclave and separates it from East Germany for much of the Cold War era.
Defend wall
In rocky areas around the world, farmers often pull large stones out of their fields to make farming easier and stack the stones to create a wall that marks the boundary of the field, or the boundary of the ground, or both.
Retaining walls withstand movement of soil, rocks, or water. They may be part of the building or externally. The surface of the ground or water on one side of the retaining wall is usually higher than on the other side. Dykes are retaining walls, such as embankments, load foundation walls, and sea walls.
Special laws often set up walls that share neighboring properties. Typically, one neighbor can not change a common wall if it might affect a building or property on the other. The walls can also separate apartments or hotel rooms with each other. Each wall has two sides and a broken wall on one side will damage the wall on the other side.
Portable wall
Portable walls, such as room dividers or portable partitions divide the larger open space into smaller rooms. Portable walls can be static, such as a cubicle wall, or a wall panel can be installed on the caster to provide an easy way to reconfigure the assembly room. They are often found in schools, churches, convention centers, hotels, and corporate facilities.
Temporary wall
Temporary walls are built to facilitate removal or dismantling. A typical transient wall can be constructed with 1/2 "(6 mm) to 5/8" (16 mm) stone sheets (plasterboard), metal 2 ÃÆ'â € "3 s (about 5 ÃÆ'â €" 7Ã, cm), or 2 ÃÆ'â € "4s, or pasted, plastered and aggravated. Most installation companies use a grid (wooden strip) to cover the temporary wall joints with the ceiling. This is sometimes known as a pressurized wall or a temporarily pressurized wall.
Wall in popular culture
The walls are often seen in popular culture, representing barriers preventing progress or entry. For example, Pink Floyd's progressive/psychedelic rock band used a metaphorical wall to represent the isolation felt by the protagonists of their 1979 draft album The Wall . The American poet poet Robert Frost portrays a meaningless stone wall as a metaphor for cultural myopia bound in his poem "Mending Walls", published in 1914. In real life examples, the Berlin Wall, built by the Soviet Union to divide Berlin into NATO and the Warsaw Pact zone of occupation, becoming a symbol of oppression and isolation around the world.
In some cases, the wall may refer to a person's debilitating mental or physical state, seen as an impassable barrier.
Another common use is as a communal surface for writing. For example, social networking site Facebook previously used electronic "wall" to record friends' writing until it was replaced with a "timeline" feature.
See also
- Ashlar
- Climbing the wall
- Dry stone walls
- Fabric structure
- Hy-Rib
- List of walls
- Retaining wall load
- Sleeper wall
- Stone walls
- Drag structure
- Thin shell structure
- Wallpaper
- The Wall
- Defense wall
References
External links
- Definition of a dictionary from the wall in Wiktionary
- Media related to Walls in Wikimedia Commons
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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